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* Add 30 PostgreSQL best practices rules Rules organized in 8 categories: - Query Performance (5): indexes, partial indexes, composite, covering, types - Connection Management (4): pooling, limits, idle timeout, prepared statements - Schema Design (4): data types, primary keys, foreign key indexes, partitioning - Concurrency & Locking (4): short transactions, SKIP LOCKED, advisory, deadlocks - Security (3): RLS basics, RLS performance, privileges - Data Access Patterns (4): N+1 queries, pagination, upsert, batch inserts - Monitoring (3): EXPLAIN ANALYZE, pg_stat_statements, VACUUM/ANALYZE - Advanced Features (3): JSONB indexing, full-text search, CTE materialization Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> * Update skills/postgresql-best-practices/rules/schema-primary-keys.md Co-authored-by: samrose <samuel.rose@gmail.com> * Update skills/postgresql-best-practices/rules/lock-deadlock-prevention.md Co-authored-by: samrose <samuel.rose@gmail.com> * resolve merge conflicts from postgres team suggestions * Delete GETTING_STARTED.md * Restore all 30 rule files that were lost during rebase * update agents.md * remove postgres 11 mention to advanced cte optimization * update agents.md * replace advanced cte with check contraints * replace check contraints with schema lowercase identifiers --------- Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com> Co-authored-by: samrose <samuel.rose@gmail.com>
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title, impact, impactDescription, tags
| title | impact | impactDescription | tags |
|---|---|---|---|
| Use Covering Indexes to Avoid Table Lookups | MEDIUM-HIGH | 2-5x faster queries by eliminating heap fetches | indexes, covering-index, include, index-only-scan |
Use Covering Indexes to Avoid Table Lookups
Covering indexes include all columns needed by a query, enabling index-only scans that skip the table entirely.
Incorrect (index scan + heap fetch):
create index users_email_idx on users (email);
-- Must fetch name and created_at from table heap
select email, name, created_at from users where email = 'user@example.com';
Correct (index-only scan with INCLUDE):
-- Include non-searchable columns in the index
create index users_email_idx on users (email) include (name, created_at);
-- All columns served from index, no table access needed
select email, name, created_at from users where email = 'user@example.com';
Use INCLUDE for columns you SELECT but don't filter on:
-- Searching by status, but also need customer_id and total
create index orders_status_idx on orders (status) include (customer_id, total);
select status, customer_id, total from orders where status = 'shipped';
Reference: Index-Only Scans